Английский ЕГЭ - банк заданий - страница 375

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Penicillin

Many of you are in this world only because fungi saved your life, or the life of one of your parents or grandparents. To get an idea what fungi is you need to remember a piece of bread that you once forgot in a bag, or a tea that stayed in a teapot for a week. You’ll discover that your bread or your tea then got a _____ greenish colour flourishing with small ’flowers’. (BEAUTY)

These are fungi. If you don’t believe in it, then you need to know that antibiotics, chemicals that _____ cure many diseases, are made of fungi. (EFFECT)

In 1929, Alexander Fleming, a doctor and a _____ published a paper on a chemical he called “penicillin”, which he had received from a fungi. He became the first person who found out that penicillin may kill bacteria. (RESEARCH)

In 1938 _____ scientists from Oxford University were able to grow, extract and purify enough penicillin to prove that it may be used as a medicine. (SUCCESS)

Penicillin has a magic ability to cure people of many bacterial infections. It was first used as a _____ to cure wounded soldiers during the World War II. It has saved so many lives that it is easy to understand why it was once called a ’miracle drug’. (TREAT)

Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 25-29, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 25-29.

Why do some people have differently coloured eyes?

There are not many people in the world who have two multi-coloured eyes. It is pretty ________; just 11 out of every 1,000 people have eyes of different colours. This condition is known as heterochromia. (COMMON)

There are three types of it: the first one is complete, when each eye is coloured differently, for example, one blue and one brown. The second one is ________ when both eyes are similar but they are coloured in two different colours. And sectoral heterochromia is when an iris of one eye has a splash of colour that is different from the total colour of the eyes. (CENTRE)

This dysfunction may be caused by several factors, and can even develop over time. Usually the colour of an iris develops during the first few months after birth and it is ________ inherited from parents. (GENERAL)

But sometimes, the colour of person's eyes may change because of an ________ that affects only one eye. (INFECT)

________ people with different colour of their eyes were seen as magicians, wizards or witches. Today people with multi coloured eyes or eyes of different colour seem to be considered attractive and get the attention of others. (TRADITION)